![]() ![]() Ī day in the Islamic calendar is defined as beginning at sunset. The current scheme was introduced in 1423 AH (15 March 2002). For example, the Umm al-Qura calendar used in Saudi Arabia was reformed several times in recent years. not based on observation), which results in differences of typically one or even two days between countries using such schema and those that use actual lunar sightings. There are various schemas for calculating the tabular Islamic calendar (i.e. While some Islamic organizations prefer determining the new month (and hence the new year) by local sightings of the moon, most Islamic institutions and countries, including Saudi Arabia, follow astronomical calculations to determine future dates of the Islamic calendar. ![]() All religious duties, such as prayer, fasting in the month of Ramadan, and pilgrimage, and the dates of significant events, such as celebration of holy nights and festivals, are calculated according to the Islamic calendar. The epoch (reference date) of the Islamic era was set as the year of the emigration of Muhammad and his followers from Mecca to Medina, known as the Hijrah, which equates to 622 CE in the Gregorian calendar. The first day of the Islamic year is observed by most Muslims on the first day of the month of Muharram. Other than that, there are no major celebrations on this day.The Islamic New Year ( Arabic: رأس السنة الهجرية, Raʿs as-Sanah al-Hijrīyah), also called the Hijri New Year, is the day that marks the beginning of a new lunar Hijri year, and is the day on which the year count is incremented. They harm themselves to commemorate the sufferings of Husayn Ibn Ali while fighting against the oppressive regime of Yazid. In certain cases, the Shia Muslims fast for the whole month and also flagellate themselves with sticks and rods on this day. It is believed that this extra fasting day is observed in accordance with the teachings of Muhammad Prophet. Both the factions observe fast on this day, with the Sunni Muslims observing fast for an extra day, either before or after this day. However, both the factions have almost identical traditions. While for Sunni Muslims, it is a day of celebration, for Shia Muslims, it is a day of mourning. It was on the tenth day of Muharram that Moses gained victory over the Pharaohs of Egypt, the most famous one being the Pharaoh of oppression.Īs is evident, different factions of the Muslim community observe this day differently. Moses was a religious leader and was meant to propagate religious teachings around the world. However, according to Sunni Muslims, it was on this day that Moses gained victory over Egyptian Pharaohs. During the battle of Karbalan, Husayn was beheaded while his family was imprisoned in Damascus. ![]() Instead, Husayn decided to revolt against the ruler which led to the uprising in Karbalan. During the reign of Yazid, it is believed that Husayn refused to accept the Islamic rules laid down by Yazid. Husayn Ibn Ali is an important figure in Muslim religion and is believed to be a member of the Muhammad's household. While the Shia Muslims celebrate this day to mourn the death of Husayn Ibn Ali, the Sunni Muslims observe this day to celebrate the victory of Moses over Egyptian Pharaoh.Īccording to the legend popular among Shia Muslims, Husayn Ibn Ali was beheaded during the Battle of Karbala on the tenth day of Muharram. Different factions of the Muslim community observe this day for different reasons. However, it is the tenth day which is of most significance. The complete month of Muharram is sacred according to the Muslims. Muharram refers to the first month of the Islamic Calendar. ![]()
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